Republic of Indonesia
The Archipelago Republic of Southeast Asia
What is Indonesia?
Where is Indonesia?
A simple question which I never imagined come from my 4 years old nephew...I can barely say nothing for a few seconds...can't choose a simple sentences to describe what or where my beloved country is...what kind of citizen I am? hehehe. Basically he has giving me a new enthusiasm to find out more about Indonesia....and here it is a summary from some sites or sources
Republic of Indonesia Map
Republic of Indonesia FlagAs the largest archipelago country in the world, Indonesia is the world’s fourth most populous country after China, India, and the United States. More than half the people live on Java, where Jakarta as Indonesia’s capital and largest city is located. Although the islands are home to more than 100 ethnic groups, most Indonesians are of mixed Malay origins and practice Islam as the major religion.
Several of Indonesia’s islands hosted powerful trading kingdoms between the 5th and 16th centuries ad. The Dutch took control of the islands in the early 1600s and for three centuries profited from Indonesia’s economy, largely at the expense of the local population. Dutch authority over the islands peaked in the early 20th century before growing Indonesian nationalism led to an armed struggle and the declaration of the Republic of Indonesia in August, 17 - 1945. The country enjoyed tremendous economic growth in the 1980s and much of the 1990s, partly due to Indonesia’s abundant natural resources and increases in the manufacturing and services sectors. As a result, Indonesia’s middle class grew considerably, but poverty remained widespread. Indonesia plunged into an economic crisis in 1997 that led to significant political changes, including the resignation of President Suharto, who had been in office for more than 30 years. Democratic elections held in 1999 installed a new government.
Several of Indonesia’s islands hosted powerful trading kingdoms between the 5th and 16th centuries ad. The Dutch took control of the islands in the early 1600s and for three centuries profited from Indonesia’s economy, largely at the expense of the local population. Dutch authority over the islands peaked in the early 20th century before growing Indonesian nationalism led to an armed struggle and the declaration of the Republic of Indonesia in August, 17 - 1945. The country enjoyed tremendous economic growth in the 1980s and much of the 1990s, partly due to Indonesia’s abundant natural resources and increases in the manufacturing and services sectors. As a result, Indonesia’s middle class grew considerably, but poverty remained widespread. Indonesia plunged into an economic crisis in 1997 that led to significant political changes, including the resignation of President Suharto, who had been in office for more than 30 years. Democratic elections held in 1999 installed a new government.
Official Name :
Republik Indonesia
Short Form: Indonesia
International Long Form: Republic of Indonesia
International Short Form: Indonesia
Formerly: Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
ISO Country Code :
id
Time :
UTC +7h to UTC +9h
Capital City :
Jakarta (on the Java Island)
Other Major Cities :
Surabaya, Medan, Bandung, Yogyakarta, Semarang, Balikpapan
Government :
Type: Independent Republic.
Independence day :
17 August 1945 Indonesia proclaimed independence;
on 27 December 1949, the country became legally independent from the Netherlands.
Constitution :
UUD 1945 (1945 Constitution).
Geography :
Location: Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
Largest islands: Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan (Borneo), Sulawesi (Celebes), New Guinea.
Area: 2 million sq. km. (736 000 sq. mi.).
Terrain: More than 17 000 islands; 6 000 are inhabited; 1 000 of which are permanently settled. Large islands consist of coastal plains with mountainous interiors.
Climate :
tropical; hot, humid; cooler in the highlands.
People :
Nationality: Indonesian(s).
Population: 238 500 000
Ethnic groups: 45% Javanese, 14% Sudanese, 7.5% Madurese and 26% other ethnic groups.
Religions: Islam 87%, Protestant 6%, Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist and other 1%.
Languages: Bahasa Indonesia (official, akin to Malay), English, Dutch, plus 583 dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese.
Literacy: 88.5
Natural Resources :
Petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver.
Agriculture Products :
Rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, poultry, beef, pork, eggs.
Industries :
Petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism.
Exports partners :
Japan 22.3%, USA 12.1%, Singapore 8.9%, South Korea 7.1%, China 6.2% (2003)
Imports partners :
Japan 13%, Singapore 12.8%, China 9.1%, USA 8.3%, Thailand 5.2%, Australia 5.1%, South Korea 4.7%, Saudi Arabia 4.6% (2003)
Currency :
Indonesian Rupiah (IDR)
Summary from several source :
- Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library
- One World - Nation Online
- Nation - Wikipedia
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